Configurando a sua

Grid roles

Several components compose a Selenium Grid. Depending on your needs, you can start each one of them on its own, or a few at the same time by using a Grid role.

Standalone

Standalone is the union of all components, and to the user’s eyes, they are executed as one. A fully functional Grid of one is available after starting it in the Standalone mode.

Standalone is also the easiest mode to spin up a Selenium Grid. By default, the server will be listening on http://localhost:4444, and that’s the URL you should point your RemoteWebDriver tests. The server will detect the available drivers that it can use from the System PATH.

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar standalone

Hub and Node(s)

It enables the classic Hub & Node(s) setup. These roles are suitable for small and middle-sized Grids.

Hub

A Hub is the union of the following components:

• Router
• Distributor
• Session Map
• New Session Queue
• Event Bus

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar hub

By default, the server will be listening on http://localhost:4444, and that’s the URL you should point your RemoteWebDriver tests.

Node(s)

One or more Nodes can be started in this setup, and the server will detect the available drivers that it can use from the System PATH.

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar node

Distributed

On Distributed mode, each component needs to be started on its own. This setup is more suitable for large Grids.

1. Event Bus: serve como um caminho de comunicação para outros componentes da rede nas etapas subsequentes.

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar  event-bus

2. Session Map: responsável por mapear os IDs da sessão para o nó em que a sessão está sendo executada:

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar sessions

3. New Session Queue: Inicie o novo enfileirador de sessão, ele adiciona a nova solicitação de sessão a uma fila local. O distribuidor atende o pedido da fila.

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar sessionqueue

4. Distributor: Nodes register to it, and assigns a Node for a session request.

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar distributor --sessions http://localhost:5556 --sessionqueue http://localhost:5559 --bind-bus false

5. Router: the Grid entrypoint, in charge of redirecting requests to the right component.

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar router --sessions http://localhost:5556 --distributor http://localhost:5553 --sessionqueue http://localhost:5559

6. Node(s)

java -jar selenium-server-<version>.jar node 

Running tests

To run tests after starting successfully Selenium Grid, you can use a RemoteWebDriver. Head to the RemoteWebDriver section for more details.

Tests metadata

You can add metadata to your tests and consume it via GraphQL or visualize parts of it through the Selenium Grid UI. Metadata can be added by prefixing the metadata with se:.

Here is a quick example in Java showing how to do that.

ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
chromeOptions.setCapability("browserVersion", "100");
chromeOptions.setCapability("platformName", "Windows");
// Showing a test name instead of the session id in the Grid UI
chromeOptions.setCapability("se:name", "My simple test"); 
// Other type of metadata can be seen in the Grid UI by clicking on the 
// session info or via GraphQL
chromeOptions.setCapability("se:sampleMetadata", "Sample metadata value"); 
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://gridUrl:4444"), chromeOptions);
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
driver.quit();

Querying Selenium Grid

After starting a Grid, there are mainly two ways of querying its status, through the Grid UI or via an API call.

The Grid UI can be reached by opening your preferred browser and heading to http://localhost:4444.

API calls can be done through the http://localhost:4444/status endpoint or using GraphQL

Aviso

A Selenium Grid deve ser protegida do acesso externo usando permissões de firewall.

A falha em proteger sua rede pode resultar em um ou mais dos seguintes eventos:

• Você fornece acesso aberto à sua infraestrutura de rede
• Você permite que terceiros acessem aplicativos e arquivos internos da web
• Você permite que terceiros executem binários personalizados

Veja esta postagem do blog em Detectify, que dá uma boa visão geral de como uma rede exposta publicamente pode ser mal utilizada: Não deixe sua grade totalmente aberta.