Write your first Selenium script

Once you have Selenium installed, you’re ready to write Selenium code.

Eight Basic Components

Everything Selenium does is send the browser commands to do something or send requests for information. Most of what you’ll do with Selenium is a combination of these basic commands

Click on the link to “View full example on GitHub” to see the code in context.

1. Start the session

For more details on starting a session read our documentation on driver sessions

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

        IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome

    driver = await new Builder().forBrowser(Browser.CHROME).build();

        driver = ChromeDriver()

2. Take action on browser

In this example we are navigating to a web page.

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html");

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html")

        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html");

driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html')

    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html');

        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html")

3. Request browser information

There are a bunch of types of information about the browser you can request, including window handles, browser size / position, cookies, alerts, etc.

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

        driver.getTitle();

title = driver.title

        var title = driver.Title;

driver.title

    let title = await driver.getTitle();

        val title = driver.title

4. Establish Waiting Strategy

Synchronizing the code with the current state of the browser is one of the biggest challenges with Selenium, and doing it well is an advanced topic.

Essentially you want to make sure that the element is on the page before you attempt to locate it and the element is in an interactable state before you attempt to interact with it.

An implicit wait is rarely the best solution, but it’s the easiest to demonstrate here, so we’ll use it as a placeholder.

Read more about Waiting strategies.

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500));

driver.implicitly_wait(0.5)

        driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

driver.manage.timeouts.implicit_wait = 500

    await driver.manage().setTimeouts({implicit: 500});

        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500))

5. Find an element

The majority of commands in most Selenium sessions are element related, and you can’t interact with one without first finding an element

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

        WebElement textBox = driver.findElement(By.name("my-text"));
        WebElement submitButton = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("button"));

text_box = driver.find_element(by=By.NAME, value="my-text")
submit_button = driver.find_element(by=By.CSS_SELECTOR, value="button")

        var textBox = driver.FindElement(By.Name("my-text"));
        var submitButton = driver.FindElement(By.TagName("button"));

text_box = driver.find_element(name: 'my-text')
submit_button = driver.find_element(tag_name: 'button')

    let textBox = await driver.findElement(By.name('my-text'));
    let submitButton = await driver.findElement(By.css('button'));

        var textBox = driver.findElement(By.name("my-text"))
        val submitButton = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("button"))

6. Take action on element

There are only a handful of actions to take on an element, but you will use them frequently.

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

        textBox.sendKeys("Selenium");
        submitButton.click();

text_box.send_keys("Selenium")
submit_button.click()

        textBox.SendKeys("Selenium");
        submitButton.Click();

text_box.send_keys('Selenium')
submit_button.click

    await textBox.sendKeys('Selenium');
    await submitButton.click();

        textBox.sendKeys("Selenium")
        submitButton.click()

7. Request element information

Elements store a lot of information that can be requested.

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

        message.getText();

text = message.text

        var value = message.Text;

message.text

    let value = await message.getText();

        val value = message.getText()

8. End the session

This ends the driver process, which by default closes the browser as well. No more commands can be sent to this driver instance. See Quitting Sessions.

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

        driver.quit();

driver.quit()

        driver.Quit();

driver.quit

    await driver.quit();

        driver.quit()

Running Selenium File

• Java
• Python
• CSharp
• Ruby
• JavaScript
• Kotlin

ruby example_script.rb

node example_script.spec.js

Next Steps

Most Selenium users execute many sessions and need to organize them to minimize duplication and keep the code more maintainable. Read on to learn about how to put this code into context for your use case with Using Selenium.